Introduction: Renomedullary interstitial cell tumors are benign tumors of renal medulla. They are usually asymptomatic, and preoperative diagnosis based on radiological fi, ndings is challenging. Therefore, in most clinical situations, nephrectomy is ultimately performed for diff, erential diagnosis. Case Presentation: A 54-year-old woman presented to our hospital with hematuria. An incidental mass in the left kidney was detected on abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. The mass showed iso-attenuation to renal parenchyma in the pre-contrast image and hypo-attenuation in the portal venous phase,however, some enhancement was observed in the central portion of the mass. Based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) after one year, a slight septum-like enhancement was observed in the central portion of the mass in the venous phase. In dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI), the mass showed a low signal intensity, and delayed persistent enhancement was observed in 10-and 15-minute delayed phases. The mass was fi, nally diagnosed as a renomedullary interstitial cell tumor. Conclusion: The imaging fi, ndings of renomedullary interstitial tumors included a low-signal-intensity mass of renal medulla on T1-and T2-weighted MRI and delayed enhancement on CEUS and dynamic MRI.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the usual primary mesenchymal neoplasms of the GI tract. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are intestinal pacemaker cells that instigate peristalsis in the stomach and intestine, and are measured to be precursors of GIST. We are reporting a 17 year old boy with chronic constipation since childhood and a huge rectum in abdominal radiography, who underwent exploratory laparotomy, resection of huge rectum and construction of sigmoid colostomy. Pathology report was "Hyperplasia of Interstitial Cells of Cajal".

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a category of chronic lung diseases with more than 200 subtypes. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), systemic sclerosis (SSc) ILD, and familial interstitial pneumonia (FIP) are three major groups of lung diseases with different causes or with unknown causes. Mucin5B (MUC5B) belongs to the mucin family, which contribute to the lubricating and viscoelastic properties of the whole saliva, normal lung mucus, and cervical mucus. The association between MUC5B rs35705950 and ILDs risks has been widely studied. However, the results were inconclusive and inconsistent. Methods: In the present meta-analysis, the database PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CNKI and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched till Aug 20th, 2018. Overall 16 publications with 28 studies, 76345 cases and 18402 controls were included. Results: The results indicated a significant increase of overall IIP risk for TT genotype and T allele of the rs35705950 in all genetic models (TT vs GG, OR=9. 11; TT vs GT+TT, OR=5. 80; GT+TT vs GG, OR=4. 34; T vs G, OR=4. 03. P<0. 0001). Subgroup analysis by subtypes of IIP revealed higher risks of TT genotype and T allele for IPF and iNSIP (P<0. 05). A significant increase of FIP risk was also found for the TT genotype and T allele of the rs35705950 (TT vs GG, OR=17. 08; GT+TT vs GG, OR=6. 02; T vs G, OR=1. 64. P<0. 05). Conclusion: No significant relations existed between the rs35705950 and SSc-ILD risks. MUC5B rs35705950 might be a predictor for the susceptibility of IIP and FIP.

Zinc has an important role in skin health and its deficiency reduces immunity to evaluate levels of zinc in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of skin, we studied 44 BCC and 38 SCC cases together with 33 controls. Blood samples were taken and after separation of serum, levels of zinc, albumin and total protein were measured by atomic absorption albumin kit and reflectometer consecutively. Serum globulin levels were estimated by subtracting albumin from total protein levels. Zinc levels were significantly lower in cancer cases than control (P<0.001). Mean serum albumin of BCC cases was significantly more than controls (P<0.01), but in BCC cases was not significantly different. Significant correlations were seen between levels of serum zinc and albumin of SCC (r=0.507, P<0.01) and BCC(r=0.43, P<0.01) patients and controls(r=0.35,P<0.01). Mean globulin levels in cancer cases were significantly lower than control group (P<0.01).We concluded that serum zinc and globulin levels decrease in BCC and SCC of skin.

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn) belonging to the Asteraceae family and known for its valuable secondary metabolite, silymarin. In order to get the cell suspension culture of Silybum marianum, the combination of 2,4-D and BAP hormones each with five different concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 2 and 5 mg/L) and 3 different seedling explants (cotyledon, hypocotyl and root) was used to callus formation. High-quality callus was observed in eight different of hormone-explant combinations. Successful cell suspension culture was achieved only by using callus created from cotyledon explants treated with 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D and 5 mg/L BAP. Furthermore, the study examined the effects of 2% and 4% Serendipita indica cell wall extract as an elicitor on silymarin production in cell suspension culture at three different inoculation times (24, 48, and 72 h). After 48 h of inoculation with 2% fungal extract, the highest level of silymarin (199 ppm) was observed, which was significantly different from the control (46 ppm). The silymarin content of cells increased over time through elicitation with 4% fungal elicitor, while no similar pattern was observed with 2% fungal extract. Based on the results, the cell wall of S. indica can significantly enhance the amount of SLM in the cell suspension culture of S. marianum.

In this study a 31 y/o woman who was housewife, came from Mazandaran and lived in Behshahr is presented. Patient's complaints were diarrhea, bloating, abdominal pain and weight loss. Abdominal radiography showed loop dilatation. In primary Para clinic assessments she had Alb: 2.8, Ca: 6.4, P: 2.3 and PTH: 201. Considering malabsorption in early evaluation, upper endoscopy was done. Intestinal folds were disappeared in second and third part of duodenum in endoscopic view and duodenal biopsy was done. Then pathological assessment revealed a large accumulation of intraepithelial lymphocytes and obvious villus atrophy that was accordant to celiac sprue. She was advised to be on gluten free diet. After about 1 month, She was referred because of sever lower extremities edema. Serum albumin was checked that was 2. Enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes were detected in sonography. Considering non- responding treatment, IHC staining of intestinal biopsy was performed with celiac sprue complication suspicion.Therefore the patient was referred to chemotherapy center with the diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma following celiac sprue. She was spent 6 course chemotherapy with CHOP regimen and radiotherapy.

Basal cell carcinoma is the, most common skin cancer that has nodular, superficial, micronodular, Morpheaform, pigmented, metatypical and fibroepithelioma of Pinkus subtypes. In this report, we evaluated the efficacy of cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen for basal cell carcinoma in three patients. The response was good and patients were followed regularly. There were no recurrences after 25 months follow-up. This method is fast and appropriate for certain types of basal cell carcinomas.      

In the recent years, interstitial brachytherapy implantation has become the treatment of choice for early stage prostate cancer patients. Treatment of prostate cancer with radiation is traced back to 1909.Originally this treatment modality was very crude and could not gain much popularity till 1982.Advancements in radioactive source designs, introduction of new low energy radioactive sources, and new imaging modalities made this treatment modality a treatment of choice for early stage prostate cancer patients. Popularity of this modality is due to the fact that five-and ten-year disease control rates of brachytherapy are equal to those of the surgical, whereas, the toxicity and side-effects are perceived to be lower.This manuscript presents historical review of interstitial brachytherapy, innovations in radioactive source designs, dosimetry and dose calculations.